What is the chemical process called when electrons are removed from a molecule?

The chemical process where electrons are removed from a molecule is known as oxidation. During oxidation, a substance loses electrons, which often results in an increase in oxidation state. This process is a key part of many chemical reactions, including combustion and cellular respiration.

In the context of oxidation, it's important to note that this process often occurs alongside reduction, where another molecule gains the electrons that were removed. The two processes are coupled in what are known as redox reactions (reduction-oxidation reactions). Oxidation is fundamental to various biochemical pathways, electrical energy generation, and the corrosion of metals.

For a clearer understanding of oxidation, consider the example of the rusting of iron. When iron reacts with oxygen, it loses electrons through the oxidation process forming iron oxide, commonly known as rust. Thus, in this context, the removal of electrons signifies that the molecule is undergoing oxidation.